Add kawase blur (#120)

Co-authored-by: Erik Reider <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Will McKinnon <[email protected]>

29 files changed, 1066 insertions, 107 deletions

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index d34ca907..d42a65c2 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ Sway is an incredible window manager, and certainly one of the most well establi
     - `shadows_on_csd enable|disable` (**Note**: The shadow might not fit some windows)
     - `shadow_blur_radius <integer value 0 - 100>`
     - `shadow_color <hex color with alpha> ex, #0000007F`
++ Window blur: *ONLY ON SWAYFX-GIT, NOT YET RELEASED*
+    - `blur enable|disable`
+    - `blur_xray enable|disable`
+    - `blur_passes <integer value 0 - 10>`
+    - `blur_radius <integer value 0 - 10>`
 + Dim unfocused windows:
     - `default_dim_inactive <float value 0.0 - 1.0>`
     - `for_window [CRITERIA_HERE] dim_inactive <float value 0.0 - 1.0>`
diff --git a/config.in b/config.in
index 8053f03a..11c11ec5 100644
--- a/config.in
+++ b/config.in
@@ -24,6 +24,12 @@ set $menu dmenu_path | dmenu | xargs swaymsg exec --
 # window corner radius in px
 corner_radius 10
 
+# Window background blur
+blur off
+blur_xray off
+blur_passes 2
+blur_radius 5
+
 shadows off
 shadows_on_csd off
 shadow_blur_radius 20
diff --git a/include/sway/commands.h b/include/sway/commands.h
index 91b1fc58..b895d5f2 100644
--- a/include/sway/commands.h
+++ b/include/sway/commands.h
@@ -109,6 +109,10 @@ sway_cmd cmd_bindcode;
 sway_cmd cmd_bindgesture;
 sway_cmd cmd_bindswitch;
 sway_cmd cmd_bindsym;
+sway_cmd cmd_blur;
+sway_cmd cmd_blur_passes;
+sway_cmd cmd_blur_radius;
+sway_cmd cmd_blur_xray;
 sway_cmd cmd_border;
 sway_cmd cmd_client_noop;
 sway_cmd cmd_client_focused;
diff --git a/include/sway/config.h b/include/sway/config.h
index 2dc4b52d..cabc9cf5 100644
--- a/include/sway/config.h
+++ b/include/sway/config.h
@@ -470,23 +470,33 @@ enum xwayland_mode {
 	XWAYLAND_MODE_IMMEDIATE,
 };
 
+struct blur_parameters {
+	int num_passes;
+	int radius;
+};
+
 /**
  * The configuration struct. The result of loading a config file.
  */
 struct sway_config {
-	// SwayFX config options
 	int corner_radius;
 	bool smart_corner_radius;
+
 	float default_dim_inactive;
-	// dim_inactive colors
 	struct {
 		float unfocused[4];
 		float urgent[4];
 	} dim_inactive_colors;
+
 	bool shadow_enabled;
 	bool shadows_on_csd_enabled;
 	int shadow_blur_sigma;
 	float shadow_color[4];
+
+	bool blur_enabled;
+	bool blur_xray;
+	struct blur_parameters blur_params;
+
 	bool titlebar_separator;
 	bool scratchpad_minimize;
 
diff --git a/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.h b/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..965c1def
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#ifndef FX_FRAMEBUFFER_H
+#define FX_FRAMEBUFFER_H
+
+#include <GLES2/gl2.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <wlr/types/wlr_output.h>
+
+#include "sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.h"
+
+struct fx_framebuffer {
+	struct fx_texture texture;
+	GLuint fb;
+};
+
+void fx_framebuffer_bind(struct fx_framebuffer *buffer, GLsizei width, GLsizei height);
+
+void fx_framebuffer_create(struct wlr_output *output, struct fx_framebuffer *buffer,
+		bool bind);
+
+void fx_framebuffer_release(struct fx_framebuffer *buffer);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.h b/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.h
index a48a00e1..37887d30 100644
--- a/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.h
+++ b/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.h
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 #include <GLES2/gl2ext.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 
+#include "sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.h"
+#include "sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.h"
+
 enum corner_location { ALL, TOP_LEFT, TOP_RIGHT, BOTTOM_LEFT, BOTTOM_RIGHT, NONE };
 
 enum fx_tex_shader_source {
@@ -24,8 +27,9 @@ struct decoration_data {
 	float saturation;
 	int corner_radius;
 	float dim;
-	float* dim_color;
+	float *dim_color;
 	bool has_titlebar;
+	bool blur;
 };
 
 struct gles2_tex_shader {
@@ -54,13 +58,34 @@ struct rounded_quad_shader {
 	GLint radius;
 };
 
+struct blur_shader {
+	GLuint program;
+	GLint proj;
+	GLint tex;
+	GLint pos_attrib;
+	GLint tex_attrib;
+	GLint radius;
+	GLint halfpixel;
+};
+
 struct fx_renderer {
 	struct wlr_egl *egl;
 
 	float projection[9];
 
+	struct sway_output *sway_output;
+
 	GLuint stencil_buffer_id;
 
+	struct fx_framebuffer wlr_buffer; // Just the framebuffer used by wlroots
+	struct fx_framebuffer main_buffer; // The main FB used for rendering
+	struct fx_framebuffer blur_buffer; // Contains the blurred background for tiled windows
+	// Blur swaps between the two effects buffers everytime it scales the image
+	struct fx_framebuffer effects_buffer; // Buffer used for effects
+	struct fx_framebuffer effects_buffer_swapped; // Swap buffer used for effects
+
+	bool blur_buffer_dirty;
+
 	struct {
 		bool OES_egl_image_external;
 	} exts;
@@ -83,6 +108,9 @@ struct fx_renderer {
 		struct rounded_quad_shader rounded_tl_quad;
 		struct rounded_quad_shader rounded_tr_quad;
 
+		struct blur_shader blur1;
+		struct blur_shader blur2;
+
 		struct {
 			GLuint program;
 			GLint proj;
@@ -117,19 +145,21 @@ struct fx_renderer {
 
 struct fx_renderer *fx_renderer_create(struct wlr_egl *egl);
 
-void fx_renderer_begin(struct fx_renderer *renderer, uint32_t width, uint32_t height);
+void fx_renderer_fini(struct fx_renderer *renderer);
+
+void fx_renderer_begin(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct sway_output *output);
 
-void fx_renderer_end();
+void fx_renderer_end(struct fx_renderer *renderer);
 
 void fx_renderer_clear(const float color[static 4]);
 
 void fx_renderer_scissor(struct wlr_box *box);
 
-bool fx_render_subtexture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct wlr_texture *wlr_texture,
+bool fx_render_subtexture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct fx_texture *fx_texture,
 		const struct wlr_fbox *src_box, const struct wlr_box *dst_box, const float matrix[static 9],
 		struct decoration_data deco_data);
 
-bool fx_render_texture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct wlr_texture *wlr_texture,
+bool fx_render_texture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct fx_texture *fx_texture,
 		const struct wlr_box *dst_box, const float matrix[static 9], struct decoration_data deco_data);
 
 void fx_render_rect(struct fx_renderer *renderer, const struct wlr_box *box,
@@ -146,4 +176,8 @@ void fx_render_border_corner(struct fx_renderer *renderer, const struct wlr_box
 void fx_render_box_shadow(struct fx_renderer *renderer, const struct wlr_box *box,
 		const float color[static 4], const float projection[static 9], int radius, float blur_sigma);
 
+void fx_render_blur(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct sway_output *output,
+		const float matrix[static 9], struct fx_framebuffer **buffer,
+		struct blur_shader *shader, const struct wlr_box *box, int blur_radius);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.h b/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0c375913
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#ifndef FX_TEXTURE_H
+#define FX_TEXTURE_H
+
+#include <GLES2/gl2.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <wlr/render/wlr_texture.h>
+
+struct fx_texture {
+	GLuint target;
+	GLuint id;
+	bool has_alpha;
+	int width;
+	int height;
+};
+
+struct fx_texture fx_texture_from_wlr_texture(struct wlr_texture* tex);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/sway/output.h b/include/sway/output.h
index a6bec10a..65f7ca1a 100644
--- a/include/sway/output.h
+++ b/include/sway/output.h
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ struct sway_output {
 	struct sway_server *server;
 	struct wl_list link;
 
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer;
+
 	struct wl_list layers[4]; // sway_layer_surface::link
 	struct wlr_box usable_area;
 
diff --git a/include/sway/server.h b/include/sway/server.h
index 0c2eccf3..96c3623f 100644
--- a/include/sway/server.h
+++ b/include/sway/server.h
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ struct sway_server {
 	// secondary headless backend used for creating virtual outputs on-the-fly
 	struct wlr_backend *headless_backend;
 	struct wlr_renderer *wlr_renderer;
-	struct fx_renderer *renderer;
 	struct wlr_allocator *allocator;
 
 	struct wlr_compositor *compositor;
diff --git a/include/sway/tree/container.h b/include/sway/tree/container.h
index 1d8e5a36..3cd668f9 100644
--- a/include/sway/tree/container.h
+++ b/include/sway/tree/container.h
@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ struct sway_container {
 
 	bool shadow_enabled;
 
+	bool blur_enabled;
+
 	float saturation;
 
 	float alpha;
diff --git a/sway/commands.c b/sway/commands.c
index fbe17039..8e2d8f89 100644
--- a/sway/commands.c
+++ b/sway/commands.c
@@ -49,6 +49,10 @@ static const struct cmd_handler handlers[] = {
 	{ "bindgesture", cmd_bindgesture },
 	{ "bindswitch", cmd_bindswitch },
 	{ "bindsym", cmd_bindsym },
+	{ "blur", cmd_blur },
+	{ "blur_passes", cmd_blur_passes },
+	{ "blur_radius", cmd_blur_radius },
+	{ "blur_xray", cmd_blur_xray },
 	{ "client.background", cmd_client_noop },
 	{ "client.focused", cmd_client_focused },
 	{ "client.focused_inactive", cmd_client_focused_inactive },
diff --git a/sway/commands/blur.c b/sway/commands/blur.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..15dd985d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sway/commands/blur.c
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#include "sway/commands.h"
+#include "sway/config.h"
+#include "sway/output.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+struct cmd_results *cmd_blur(int argc, char **argv) {
+	struct cmd_results *error = checkarg(argc, "blur", EXPECTED_AT_LEAST, 1);
+
+	if (error) {
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	struct sway_container *con = config->handler_context.container;
+
+	bool result = parse_boolean(argv[0], config->blur_enabled);
+	if (con == NULL) {
+		config->blur_enabled = result;
+	} else {
+		con->blur_enabled = result;
+	}
+
+	struct sway_output *output;
+	wl_list_for_each(output, &root->all_outputs, link) {
+		if (output->renderer) {
+			output->renderer->blur_buffer_dirty = true;
+			output_damage_whole(output);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cmd_results_new(CMD_SUCCESS, NULL);
+}
diff --git a/sway/commands/blur_passes.c b/sway/commands/blur_passes.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0868a568
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sway/commands/blur_passes.c
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "sway/commands.h"
+#include "sway/config.h"
+#include "sway/output.h"
+
+struct cmd_results *cmd_blur_passes(int argc, char **argv) {
+	struct cmd_results *error = NULL;
+	if ((error = checkarg(argc, "blur_passes", EXPECTED_EQUAL_TO, 1))) {
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	char *inv;
+	int value = strtol(argv[0], &inv, 10);
+	if (*inv != '\0' || value < 0 || value > 10) {
+		return cmd_results_new(CMD_FAILURE, "Invalid size specified");
+	}
+
+	config->blur_params.num_passes = value;
+
+	struct sway_output *output;
+	wl_list_for_each(output, &root->all_outputs, link) {
+		if (output->renderer) {
+			output->renderer->blur_buffer_dirty = true;
+			output_damage_whole(output);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cmd_results_new(CMD_SUCCESS, NULL);
+}
diff --git a/sway/commands/blur_radius.c b/sway/commands/blur_radius.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f6e7d4ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sway/commands/blur_radius.c
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "sway/commands.h"
+#include "sway/config.h"
+#include "sway/output.h"
+
+struct cmd_results *cmd_blur_radius(int argc, char **argv) {
+	struct cmd_results *error = NULL;
+	if ((error = checkarg(argc, "blur_radius", EXPECTED_AT_LEAST, 1))) {
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	char *inv;
+	int value = strtol(argv[0], &inv, 10);
+	if (*inv != '\0' || value < 0 || value > 10) {
+		return cmd_results_new(CMD_FAILURE, "Invalid size specified");
+	}
+
+	config->blur_params.radius = value;
+
+	struct sway_output *output;
+	wl_list_for_each(output, &root->all_outputs, link) {
+		if (output->renderer) {
+			output->renderer->blur_buffer_dirty = true;
+			output_damage_whole(output);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cmd_results_new(CMD_SUCCESS, NULL);
+}
diff --git a/sway/commands/blur_xray.c b/sway/commands/blur_xray.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..045566d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sway/commands/blur_xray.c
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#include "sway/commands.h"
+#include "sway/config.h"
+#include "sway/output.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+struct cmd_results *cmd_blur_xray(int argc, char **argv) {
+	struct cmd_results *error = checkarg(argc, "blur_xray", EXPECTED_AT_LEAST, 1);
+
+	if (error) {
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	bool result = parse_boolean(argv[0], config->blur_xray);
+	config->blur_xray = result;
+
+	struct sway_output *output;
+	wl_list_for_each(output, &root->all_outputs, link) {
+		if (output->renderer) {
+			output->renderer->blur_buffer_dirty = true;
+			output_damage_whole(output);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cmd_results_new(CMD_SUCCESS, NULL);
+}
diff --git a/sway/config.c b/sway/config.c
index 24022762..85e53679 100644
--- a/sway/config.c
+++ b/sway/config.c
@@ -336,13 +336,21 @@ static void config_defaults(struct sway_config *config) {
 	// SwayFX defaults
 	config->corner_radius = 0;
 	config->smart_corner_radius = true;
+
 	config->default_dim_inactive = 0.0f;
 	color_to_rgba(config->dim_inactive_colors.unfocused, 0x000000FF);
 	color_to_rgba(config->dim_inactive_colors.urgent, 0x900000FF);
+
 	config->shadow_enabled = false;
 	config->shadows_on_csd_enabled = false;
 	config->shadow_blur_sigma = 20.0f;
 	color_to_rgba(config->shadow_color, 0x0000007F);
+
+	config->blur_enabled = false;
+	config->blur_xray = false;
+	config->blur_params.num_passes = 2;
+	config->blur_params.radius = 5;
+
 	config->titlebar_separator = true;
 	config->scratchpad_minimize = true;
 
diff --git a/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.c b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..db6f8928
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#include "log.h"
+#include "sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.h"
+
+void fx_framebuffer_bind(struct fx_framebuffer *buffer, GLsizei width, GLsizei height) {
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, buffer->fb);
+	glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
+}
+
+void fx_framebuffer_create(struct wlr_output *output, struct fx_framebuffer *buffer, bool bind) {
+	bool firstAlloc = false;
+
+	// Create a new framebuffer
+	if (buffer->fb == (uint32_t) -1) {
+		glGenFramebuffers(1, &buffer->fb);
+		firstAlloc = true;
+	}
+
+	if (buffer->texture.id == 0) {
+		firstAlloc = true;
+		glGenTextures(1, &buffer->texture.id);
+		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, buffer->texture.id);
+		glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+		glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+		glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+		glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	}
+
+	int width, height;
+	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(output, &width, &height);
+
+	if (firstAlloc || buffer->texture.width != width || buffer->texture.height != height) {
+		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, buffer->texture.id);
+		glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);
+
+		glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, buffer->fb);
+		glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D,
+				buffer->texture.id, 0);
+		buffer->texture.target = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+		buffer->texture.has_alpha = false;
+		buffer->texture.width = width;
+		buffer->texture.height = height;
+
+		GLenum status = glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER);
+		if (status != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) {
+			sway_log(SWAY_ERROR, "Framebuffer incomplete, couldn't create! (FB status: %i)", status);
+			return;
+		}
+		sway_log(SWAY_DEBUG, "Framebuffer created, status %i", status);
+	}
+
+	// Bind the default framebuffer
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
+	if (bind) {
+		fx_framebuffer_bind(buffer, width, height);
+	}
+}
+
+void fx_framebuffer_release(struct fx_framebuffer *buffer) {
+	if (buffer->fb != (uint32_t) -1 && buffer->fb) {
+		glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &buffer->fb);
+	}
+	buffer->fb= -1;
+
+	if (buffer->texture.id) {
+		glDeleteTextures(1, &buffer->texture.id);
+	}
+	buffer->texture.id = 0;
+	buffer->texture.width = -1;
+	buffer->texture.height = -1;
+}
diff --git a/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.c b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.c
index 36c5bb61..715c5b15 100644
--- a/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.c
+++ b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.c
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 #include "sway/server.h"
 
 // shaders
+#include "blur1_frag_src.h"
+#include "blur2_frag_src.h"
 #include "box_shadow_frag_src.h"
 #include "common_vert_src.h"
 #include "corner_frag_src.h"
@@ -33,6 +35,33 @@ static const GLfloat verts[] = {
 	0, 1, // bottom left
 };
 
+static void create_stencil_buffer(struct wlr_output* output, GLuint *buffer_id) {
+	if (*buffer_id != (uint32_t) -1) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	int width, height;
+	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(output, &width, &height);
+
+	glGenRenderbuffers(1, buffer_id);
+	glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, *buffer_id);
+	glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_STENCIL_INDEX8, width, height);
+	glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, *buffer_id);
+	GLenum status = glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER);
+	if (status != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) {
+		sway_log(SWAY_ERROR, "Stencilbuffer incomplete, couldn't create! (FB status: %i)", status);
+		return;
+	}
+	sway_log(SWAY_DEBUG, "Stencilbuffer created, status %i", status);
+}
+
+static void release_stencil_buffer(GLuint *buffer_id) {
+	if (*buffer_id != (uint32_t)-1 && buffer_id) {
+		glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, buffer_id);
+	}
+	*buffer_id = -1;
+}
+
 static GLuint compile_shader(GLuint type, const GLchar *src) {
 	GLuint shader = glCreateShader(type);
 	glShaderSource(shader, 1, &src, NULL);
@@ -179,6 +208,15 @@ struct fx_renderer *fx_renderer_create(struct wlr_egl *egl) {
 	// TODO: needed?
 	renderer->egl = egl;
 
+	renderer->main_buffer.fb = -1;
+
+	renderer->blur_buffer.fb = -1;
+	renderer->effects_buffer.fb = -1;
+	renderer->effects_buffer_swapped.fb = -1;
+	renderer->stencil_buffer_id = -1;
+
+	renderer->blur_buffer_dirty = true;
+
 	// get extensions
 	const char *exts_str = (const char *)glGetString(GL_EXTENSIONS);
 	if (exts_str == NULL) {
@@ -258,6 +296,32 @@ struct fx_renderer *fx_renderer_create(struct wlr_egl *egl) {
 	renderer->shaders.box_shadow.blur_sigma = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "blur_sigma");
 	renderer->shaders.box_shadow.corner_radius = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "corner_radius");
 
+	// Blur 1
+	prog = link_program(blur1_frag_src);
+	renderer->shaders.blur1.program = prog;
+	if (!renderer->shaders.blur1.program) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	renderer->shaders.blur1.proj = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "proj");
+	renderer->shaders.blur1.tex = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "tex");
+	renderer->shaders.blur1.pos_attrib = glGetAttribLocation(prog, "pos");
+	renderer->shaders.blur1.tex_attrib = glGetAttribLocation(prog, "texcoord");
+	renderer->shaders.blur1.radius = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "radius");
+	renderer->shaders.blur1.halfpixel = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "halfpixel");
+
+	// Blur 2
+	prog = link_program(blur2_frag_src);
+	renderer->shaders.blur2.program = prog;
+	if (!renderer->shaders.blur2.program) {
+		goto error;
+	}
+	renderer->shaders.blur2.proj = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "proj");
+	renderer->shaders.blur2.tex = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "tex");
+	renderer->shaders.blur2.pos_attrib = glGetAttribLocation(prog, "pos");
+	renderer->shaders.blur2.tex_attrib = glGetAttribLocation(prog, "texcoord");
+	renderer->shaders.blur2.radius = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "radius");
+	renderer->shaders.blur2.halfpixel = glGetUniformLocation(prog, "halfpixel");
+
 	// fragment shaders
 	if (!link_tex_program(renderer, &renderer->shaders.tex_rgba,
 			SHADER_SOURCE_TEXTURE_RGBA)) {
@@ -289,6 +353,8 @@ error:
 	glDeleteProgram(renderer->shaders.rounded_tr_quad.program);
 	glDeleteProgram(renderer->shaders.corner.program);
 	glDeleteProgram(renderer->shaders.box_shadow.program);
+	glDeleteProgram(renderer->shaders.blur1.program);
+	glDeleteProgram(renderer->shaders.blur2.program);
 	glDeleteProgram(renderer->shaders.tex_rgba.program);
 	glDeleteProgram(renderer->shaders.tex_rgbx.program);
 	glDeleteProgram(renderer->shaders.tex_ext.program);
@@ -305,27 +371,53 @@ error:
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-void fx_renderer_begin(struct fx_renderer *renderer, uint32_t width, uint32_t height) {
-	// Create and render the stencil buffer
-	if (renderer->stencil_buffer_id == 0) {
-		glGenRenderbuffers(1, &renderer->stencil_buffer_id);
+void fx_renderer_fini(struct fx_renderer *renderer) {
+	fx_framebuffer_release(&renderer->main_buffer);
+	fx_framebuffer_release(&renderer->blur_buffer);
+	fx_framebuffer_release(&renderer->effects_buffer);
+	fx_framebuffer_release(&renderer->effects_buffer_swapped);
+	release_stencil_buffer(&renderer->stencil_buffer_id);
+}
+
+void fx_renderer_begin(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct sway_output *sway_output) {
+	struct wlr_output *output = sway_output->wlr_output;
+
+	int width, height;
+	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(output, &width, &height);
+
+	renderer->sway_output = sway_output;
+	// Store the wlr framebuffer
+	GLint wlr_fb = -1;
+	glGetIntegerv(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_BINDING, &wlr_fb);
+	if (wlr_fb < 0) {
+		sway_log(SWAY_ERROR, "Failed to get wlr framebuffer!");
+		abort();
 	}
-	glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, renderer->stencil_buffer_id);
-	glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_STENCIL_INDEX8, width, height);
-	glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT,
-			GL_RENDERBUFFER, renderer->stencil_buffer_id);
+	renderer->wlr_buffer.fb = wlr_fb;
 
-	glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
+	// Create the main framebuffer
+	fx_framebuffer_create(output, &renderer->main_buffer, true);
+	// Create the stencil buffer and attach it to our main_buffer
+	create_stencil_buffer(output, &renderer->stencil_buffer_id);
+
+	// Create a new blur/effects framebuffers
+	fx_framebuffer_create(output, &renderer->effects_buffer, false);
+	fx_framebuffer_create(output, &renderer->effects_buffer_swapped, false);
 
 	// refresh projection matrix
 	matrix_projection(renderer->projection, width, height,
 		WL_OUTPUT_TRANSFORM_FLIPPED_180);
 
 	glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+
+	// Bind to our main framebuffer
+	fx_framebuffer_bind(&renderer->main_buffer, width, height);
 }
 
-void fx_renderer_end() {
-	// TODO
+void fx_renderer_end(struct fx_renderer *renderer) {
+	// Release the main buffer
+	fx_framebuffer_release(&renderer->main_buffer);
+	release_stencil_buffer(&renderer->stencil_buffer_id);
 }
 
 void fx_renderer_clear(const float color[static 4]) {
@@ -335,26 +427,23 @@ void fx_renderer_clear(const float color[static 4]) {
 }
 
 void fx_renderer_scissor(struct wlr_box *box) {
-		if (box) {
-				glScissor(box->x, box->y, box->width, box->height);
-				glEnable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
-		} else {
-				glDisable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
-		}
+	if (box) {
+		glScissor(box->x, box->y, box->width, box->height);
+		glEnable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
+	} else {
+		glDisable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
+	}
 }
 
-bool fx_render_subtexture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct wlr_texture *wlr_texture,
+bool fx_render_subtexture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct fx_texture *fx_texture,
 		const struct wlr_fbox *src_box, const struct wlr_box *dst_box, const float matrix[static 9],
 		struct decoration_data deco_data) {
-	assert(wlr_texture_is_gles2(wlr_texture));
-	struct wlr_gles2_texture_attribs texture_attrs;
-	wlr_gles2_texture_get_attribs(wlr_texture, &texture_attrs);
 
 	struct gles2_tex_shader *shader = NULL;
 
-	switch (texture_attrs.target) {
+	switch (fx_texture->target) {
 	case GL_TEXTURE_2D:
-		if (texture_attrs.has_alpha) {
+		if (fx_texture->has_alpha) {
 			shader = &renderer->shaders.tex_rgba;
 		} else {
 			shader = &renderer->shaders.tex_rgbx;
@@ -382,16 +471,18 @@ bool fx_render_subtexture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct wlr_t
 	wlr_matrix_transpose(gl_matrix, gl_matrix);
 
 	// if there's no opacity or rounded corners we don't need to blend
-	if (!texture_attrs.has_alpha && deco_data.alpha == 1.0 && !deco_data.corner_radius) {
+	if (!fx_texture->has_alpha && deco_data.alpha == 1.0 && !deco_data.corner_radius) {
 		glDisable(GL_BLEND);
 	} else {
 		glEnable(GL_BLEND);
 	}
 
+	glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+
 	glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
-	glBindTexture(texture_attrs.target, texture_attrs.tex);
+	glBindTexture(fx_texture->target, fx_texture->id);
 
-	glTexParameteri(texture_attrs.target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	glTexParameteri(fx_texture->target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
 
 	glUseProgram(shader->program);
 
@@ -408,10 +499,10 @@ bool fx_render_subtexture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct wlr_t
 	glUniform1f(shader->saturation, deco_data.saturation);
 	glUniform1f(shader->radius, deco_data.corner_radius);
 
-	const GLfloat x1 = src_box->x / wlr_texture->width;
-	const GLfloat y1 = src_box->y / wlr_texture->height;
-	const GLfloat x2 = (src_box->x + src_box->width) / wlr_texture->width;
-	const GLfloat y2 = (src_box->y + src_box->height) / wlr_texture->height;
+	const GLfloat x1 = src_box->x / fx_texture->width;
+	const GLfloat y1 = src_box->y / fx_texture->height;
+	const GLfloat x2 = (src_box->x + src_box->width) / fx_texture->width;
+	const GLfloat y2 = (src_box->y + src_box->height) / fx_texture->height;
 	const GLfloat texcoord[] = {
 		x2, y1, // top right
 		x1, y1, // top left
@@ -430,21 +521,21 @@ bool fx_render_subtexture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct wlr_t
 	glDisableVertexAttribArray(shader->pos_attrib);
 	glDisableVertexAttribArray(shader->tex_attrib);
 
-	glBindTexture(texture_attrs.target, 0);
+	glBindTexture(fx_texture->target, 0);
 
 	return true;
 }
 
-bool fx_render_texture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct wlr_texture *wlr_texture,
+bool fx_render_texture_with_matrix(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct fx_texture *texture,
 		const struct wlr_box *dst_box, const float matrix[static 9],
 		struct decoration_data deco_data) {
 	struct wlr_fbox src_box = {
 		.x = 0,
 		.y = 0,
-		.width = wlr_texture->width,
-		.height = wlr_texture->height,
+		.width = texture->width,
+		.height = texture->height,
 	};
-	return fx_render_subtexture_with_matrix(renderer, wlr_texture, &src_box,
+	return fx_render_subtexture_with_matrix(renderer, texture, &src_box,
 			dst_box, matrix, deco_data);
 }
 
@@ -669,3 +760,46 @@ void fx_render_box_shadow(struct fx_renderer *renderer, const struct wlr_box *bo
 	glClear(GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT);
 	glDisable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
 }
+
+void fx_render_blur(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct sway_output *output,
+		const float matrix[static 9], struct fx_framebuffer **buffer,
+		struct blur_shader *shader, const struct wlr_box *box, int blur_radius) {
+	glDisable(GL_BLEND);
+	glDisable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
+
+	glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
+
+	glBindTexture((*buffer)->texture.target, (*buffer)->texture.id);
+
+	glTexParameteri((*buffer)->texture.target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+
+	glUseProgram(shader->program);
+
+	// OpenGL ES 2 requires the glUniformMatrix3fv transpose parameter to be set
+	// to GL_FALSE
+	float gl_matrix[9];
+	wlr_matrix_transpose(gl_matrix, matrix);
+	glUniformMatrix3fv(shader->proj, 1, GL_FALSE, gl_matrix);
+
+	glUniform1i(shader->tex, 0);
+	glUniform1f(shader->radius, blur_radius);
+
+	int width, height;
+	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(output->wlr_output, &width, &height);
+	if (shader == &renderer->shaders.blur1) {
+		glUniform2f(shader->halfpixel, 0.5f / (width / 2.0f), 0.5f / (height / 2.0f));
+	} else {
+		glUniform2f(shader->halfpixel, 0.5f / (width * 2.0f), 0.5f / (height * 2.0f));
+	}
+
+	glVertexAttribPointer(shader->pos_attrib, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, verts);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(shader->tex_attrib, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, verts);
+
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(shader->pos_attrib);
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(shader->tex_attrib);
+
+	glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);
+
+	glDisableVertexAttribArray(shader->pos_attrib);
+	glDisableVertexAttribArray(shader->tex_attrib);
+}
diff --git a/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.c b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..60aa9a26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.c
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <wlr/render/gles2.h>
+
+#include "sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.h"
+
+struct fx_texture fx_texture_from_wlr_texture(struct wlr_texture* texture) {
+	assert(wlr_texture_is_gles2(texture));
+
+	struct wlr_gles2_texture_attribs texture_attrs;
+	wlr_gles2_texture_get_attribs(texture, &texture_attrs);
+
+	return (struct fx_texture) {
+		.target = texture_attrs.target,
+		.id = texture_attrs.tex,
+		.has_alpha = texture_attrs.has_alpha,
+		.width = texture->width,
+		.height = texture->height,
+	};
+}
diff --git a/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/blur1.frag b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/blur1.frag
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e7cb1be8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/blur1.frag
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+precision mediump float;
+varying mediump vec2 v_texcoord;
+uniform sampler2D tex;
+
+uniform float radius;
+uniform vec2 halfpixel;
+
+void main() {
+    vec2 uv = v_texcoord * 2.0;
+
+    vec4 sum = texture2D(tex, uv) * 4.0;
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv - halfpixel.xy * radius);
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv + halfpixel.xy * radius);
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv + vec2(halfpixel.x, -halfpixel.y) * radius);
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv - vec2(halfpixel.x, -halfpixel.y) * radius);
+
+    gl_FragColor = sum / 8.0;
+}
diff --git a/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/blur2.frag b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/blur2.frag
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3755a294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/blur2.frag
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+precision mediump float;
+varying mediump vec2 v_texcoord;
+uniform sampler2D tex;
+
+uniform float radius;
+uniform vec2 halfpixel;
+
+void main() {
+    vec2 uv = v_texcoord / 2.0;
+
+    vec4 sum = texture2D(tex, uv + vec2(-halfpixel.x * 2.0, 0.0) * radius);
+
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv + vec2(-halfpixel.x, halfpixel.y) * radius) * 2.0;
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv + vec2(0.0, halfpixel.y * 2.0) * radius);
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv + vec2(halfpixel.x, halfpixel.y) * radius) * 2.0;
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv + vec2(halfpixel.x * 2.0, 0.0) * radius);
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv + vec2(halfpixel.x, -halfpixel.y) * radius) * 2.0;
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv + vec2(0.0, -halfpixel.y * 2.0) * radius);
+    sum += texture2D(tex, uv + vec2(-halfpixel.x, -halfpixel.y) * radius) * 2.0;
+
+    gl_FragColor = sum / 12.0;
+}
diff --git a/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/meson.build b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/meson.build
index 6c0dd1d3..83119963 100644
--- a/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/meson.build
+++ b/sway/desktop/fx_renderer/shaders/meson.build
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 embed = find_program('./embed.sh', native: true)
 
 shaders = [
+    'blur1.frag',
+    'blur2.frag',
     'box_shadow.frag',
     'common.vert',
     'corner.frag',
diff --git a/sway/desktop/layer_shell.c b/sway/desktop/layer_shell.c
index 6e3cc0e2..a8356ad7 100644
--- a/sway/desktop/layer_shell.c
+++ b/sway/desktop/layer_shell.c
@@ -290,6 +290,12 @@ static void handle_surface_commit(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
 	struct sway_output *output = wlr_output->data;
 	struct wlr_box old_extent = layer->extent;
 
+	// Rerender the static blur on change
+	if (layer->layer == ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_BACKGROUND
+			|| layer->layer == ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_BOTTOM) {
+		output->renderer->blur_buffer_dirty = true;
+	}
+
 	bool layer_changed = false;
 	if (layer_surface->current.committed != 0
 			|| layer->mapped != layer_surface->mapped) {
@@ -366,6 +372,13 @@ static void handle_destroy(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
 	struct wlr_output *wlr_output = sway_layer->layer_surface->output;
 	sway_assert(wlr_output, "wlr_layer_surface_v1 has null output");
 	struct sway_output *output = wlr_output->data;
+
+	// Rerender the static blur
+	if (sway_layer->layer == ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_BACKGROUND
+			|| sway_layer->layer == ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_BOTTOM) {
+		output->renderer->blur_buffer_dirty = true;
+	}
+
 	arrange_layers(output);
 	transaction_commit_dirty();
 	wl_list_remove(&sway_layer->output_destroy.link);
diff --git a/sway/desktop/output.c b/sway/desktop/output.c
index a7269b7b..45c2f1c4 100644
--- a/sway/desktop/output.c
+++ b/sway/desktop/output.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <wayland-server-core.h>
 #include <wlr/backend/drm.h>
 #include <wlr/backend/headless.h>
+#include <wlr/render/gles2.h>
 #include <wlr/render/wlr_renderer.h>
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_buffer.h>
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_drm_lease_v1.h>
@@ -745,12 +746,11 @@ static void damage_child_views_iterator(struct sway_container *con,
 void output_damage_whole_container(struct sway_output *output,
 		struct sway_container *con) {
 	// Pad the box by 1px, because the width is a double and might be a fraction
-	int shadow_sigma = con->shadow_enabled ? config->shadow_blur_sigma : 0;
 	struct wlr_box box = {
-		.x = con->current.x - output->lx - 1 - shadow_sigma,
-		.y = con->current.y - output->ly - 1 - shadow_sigma,
-		.width = con->current.width + 2 + shadow_sigma * 2,
-		.height = con->current.height + 2 + shadow_sigma * 2,
+		.x = con->current.x - output->lx - 1,
+		.y = con->current.y - output->ly - 1,
+		.width = con->current.width + 2,
+		.height = con->current.height + 2,
 	};
 	scale_box(&box, output->wlr_output->scale);
 	if (wlr_damage_ring_add_box(&output->damage_ring, &box)) {
@@ -798,6 +798,8 @@ static void handle_destroy(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
 		output_disable(output);
 	}
 
+	fx_renderer_fini(output->renderer);
+
 	output_begin_destroy(output);
 
 	wl_list_remove(&output->link);
@@ -939,6 +941,14 @@ void handle_new_output(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
 	output->server = server;
 	wlr_damage_ring_init(&output->damage_ring);
 
+	// Init FX Renderer
+	struct wlr_egl *egl = wlr_gles2_renderer_get_egl(server->wlr_renderer);
+	output->renderer = fx_renderer_create(egl);
+	if (!output->renderer) {
+		sway_log(SWAY_ERROR, "Failed to create fx_renderer");
+		abort();
+	}
+
 	wl_signal_add(&wlr_output->events.destroy, &output->destroy);
 	output->destroy.notify = handle_destroy;
 	wl_signal_add(&wlr_output->events.commit, &output->commit);
@@ -963,6 +973,10 @@ void handle_new_output(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
 
 	transaction_commit_dirty();
 
+	// From sway upstream (fixes damage_ring bounds being INT_MAX)
+	int width, height;
+	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(output->wlr_output, &width, &height);
+	wlr_damage_ring_set_bounds(&output->damage_ring, width, height);
 	update_output_manager_config(server);
 }
 
diff --git a/sway/desktop/render.c b/sway/desktop/render.c
index a89cbf6b..d2b366b5 100644
--- a/sway/desktop/render.c
+++ b/sway/desktop/render.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "config.h"
 #include "log.h"
 #include "sway/config.h"
+#include "sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.h"
 #include "sway/desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.h"
 #include "sway/input/input-manager.h"
 #include "sway/input/seat.h"
@@ -37,6 +38,13 @@ struct render_data {
 	struct decoration_data deco_data;
 };
 
+struct workspace_effect_info {
+	bool container_wants_blur;
+	bool container_wants_shadow;
+	bool should_render_optimized_blur;
+	int expanded_size;
+};
+
 struct decoration_data get_undecorated_decoration_data() {
 	return (struct decoration_data) {
 		.alpha = 1.0f,
@@ -45,9 +53,18 @@ struct decoration_data get_undecorated_decoration_data() {
 		.corner_radius = 0,
 		.saturation = 1.0f,
 		.has_titlebar = false,
+		.blur = false,
 	};
 }
 
+int get_blur_size() {
+	return pow(2, config->blur_params.num_passes) * config->blur_params.radius;
+}
+
+bool should_parameters_blur() {
+	return config->blur_params.radius > 0 && config->blur_params.num_passes > 0;
+}
+
 /**
  * Apply scale to a width or height.
  *
@@ -67,7 +84,7 @@ static int scale_length(int length, int offset, float scale) {
 static void scissor_output(struct wlr_output *wlr_output,
 		pixman_box32_t *rect) {
 	struct sway_output *output = wlr_output->data;
-	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->server->renderer;
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->renderer;
 	assert(renderer);
 
 	struct wlr_box box = {
@@ -80,30 +97,22 @@ static void scissor_output(struct wlr_output *wlr_output,
 	int ow, oh;
 	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(wlr_output, &ow, &oh);
 
-	enum wl_output_transform transform =
-		wlr_output_transform_invert(wlr_output->transform);
+	enum wl_output_transform transform = wlr_output_transform_invert(wlr_output->transform);
 	wlr_box_transform(&box, &box, transform, ow, oh);
 
 	fx_renderer_scissor(&box);
 }
 
 static void set_scale_filter(struct wlr_output *wlr_output,
-		struct wlr_texture *texture, enum scale_filter_mode scale_filter) {
-	if (!wlr_texture_is_gles2(texture)) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	struct wlr_gles2_texture_attribs attribs;
-	wlr_gles2_texture_get_attribs(texture, &attribs);
-
-	glBindTexture(attribs.target, attribs.tex);
+		struct fx_texture *texture, enum scale_filter_mode scale_filter) {
+	glBindTexture(texture->target, texture->id);
 
 	switch (scale_filter) {
 	case SCALE_FILTER_LINEAR:
-		glTexParameteri(attribs.target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+		glTexParameteri(texture->target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
 		break;
 	case SCALE_FILTER_NEAREST:
-		glTexParameteri(attribs.target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+		glTexParameteri(texture->target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
 		break;
 	case SCALE_FILTER_DEFAULT:
 	case SCALE_FILTER_SMART:
@@ -120,12 +129,19 @@ pixman_region32_t create_damage(const struct wlr_box damage_box, pixman_region32
 	return damage;
 }
 
+struct wlr_box get_monitor_box(struct wlr_output *output) {
+	int width, height;
+	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(output, &width, &height);
+	struct wlr_box monitor_box = { 0, 0, width, height };
+	return monitor_box;
+}
+
 static void render_texture(struct wlr_output *wlr_output,
-		pixman_region32_t *output_damage, struct wlr_texture *texture,
+		pixman_region32_t *output_damage, struct fx_texture *texture,
 		const struct wlr_fbox *src_box, const struct wlr_box *dst_box,
 		const float matrix[static 9], struct decoration_data deco_data) {
 	struct sway_output *output = wlr_output->data;
-	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->server->renderer;
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->renderer;
 
 	pixman_region32_t damage = create_damage(*dst_box, output_damage);
 	bool damaged = pixman_region32_not_empty(&damage);
@@ -150,6 +166,170 @@ damage_finish:
 	pixman_region32_fini(&damage);
 }
 
+/* Renders the blur for each damaged rect and swaps the buffer */
+void render_blur_segments(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct sway_output *output,
+		const float matrix[static 9], pixman_region32_t* damage,
+		struct fx_framebuffer **buffer, struct blur_shader* shader,
+		const struct wlr_box *box, int blur_radius) {
+	int width, height;
+	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(output->wlr_output, &width, &height);
+
+	if (*buffer == &renderer->effects_buffer) {
+		fx_framebuffer_bind(&renderer->effects_buffer_swapped, width, height);
+	} else {
+		fx_framebuffer_bind(&renderer->effects_buffer, width, height);
+	}
+
+	if (pixman_region32_not_empty(damage)) {
+		int nrects;
+		pixman_box32_t *rects = pixman_region32_rectangles(damage, &nrects);
+		for (int i = 0; i < nrects; ++i) {
+			const pixman_box32_t box = rects[i];
+			struct wlr_box new_box = { box.x1, box.y1, box.x2 - box.x1, box.y2 - box.y1 };
+			fx_renderer_scissor(&new_box);
+			fx_render_blur(renderer, output, matrix, buffer, shader, &new_box, blur_radius);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (*buffer != &renderer->effects_buffer) {
+		*buffer = &renderer->effects_buffer;
+	} else {
+		*buffer = &renderer->effects_buffer_swapped;
+	}
+}
+
+/** Blurs the main_buffer content and returns the blurred framebuffer */
+struct fx_framebuffer *get_main_buffer_blur(struct fx_renderer *renderer, struct sway_output *output,
+		pixman_region32_t *original_damage, const float box_matrix[static 9], const struct wlr_box *box) {
+	struct wlr_box monitor_box = get_monitor_box(output->wlr_output);
+
+	const enum wl_output_transform transform = wlr_output_transform_invert(output->wlr_output->transform);
+	float matrix[9];
+	wlr_matrix_project_box(matrix, &monitor_box, transform, 0, output->wlr_output->transform_matrix);
+
+	float gl_matrix[9];
+	wlr_matrix_multiply(gl_matrix, renderer->projection, matrix);
+
+	pixman_region32_t damage;
+	pixman_region32_init(&damage);
+	pixman_region32_copy(&damage, original_damage);
+	wlr_region_transform(&damage, &damage, wlr_output_transform_invert(output->wlr_output->transform),
+			monitor_box.width, monitor_box.height);
+	wlr_region_expand(&damage, &damage, get_blur_size());
+
+	// Initially blur main_buffer content into the effects_buffers
+	struct fx_framebuffer *current_buffer = &renderer->main_buffer;
+
+	// Bind to blur framebuffer
+	fx_framebuffer_bind(&renderer->effects_buffer, monitor_box.width, monitor_box.height);
+	glBindTexture(renderer->main_buffer.texture.target, renderer->main_buffer.texture.id);
+
+	// damage region will be scaled, make a temp
+	pixman_region32_t tempDamage;
+	pixman_region32_init(&tempDamage);
+	// When DOWNscaling, we make the region twice as small because it's the TARGET
+	wlr_region_scale(&tempDamage, &damage, 0.5f);
+
+	int blur_radius = config->blur_params.radius;
+	int blur_passes = config->blur_params.num_passes;
+
+	// First pass
+	render_blur_segments(renderer, output, gl_matrix, &tempDamage, &current_buffer,
+			&renderer->shaders.blur1, box, blur_radius);
+
+	// Downscale
+	for (int i = 1; i < blur_passes; ++i) {
+		wlr_region_scale(&tempDamage, &damage, 1.0f / (1 << (i + 1)));
+		render_blur_segments(renderer, output, gl_matrix, &tempDamage, &current_buffer,
+				&renderer->shaders.blur1, box, blur_radius);
+	}
+
+	// Upscale
+	for (int i = blur_passes - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+		// when upsampling we make the region twice as big
+		wlr_region_scale(&tempDamage, &damage, 1.0f / (1 << i));
+		render_blur_segments(renderer, output, gl_matrix, &tempDamage, &current_buffer,
+				&renderer->shaders.blur2, box, blur_radius);
+	}
+
+	pixman_region32_fini(&tempDamage);
+	pixman_region32_fini(&damage);
+
+	// Bind back to the default buffer
+	fx_framebuffer_bind(&renderer->main_buffer, monitor_box.width, monitor_box.height);
+
+	return current_buffer;
+}
+
+void render_blur(bool optimized, struct sway_output *output,
+		pixman_region32_t *output_damage, const struct wlr_fbox *src_box,
+		const struct wlr_box *dst_box, pixman_region32_t *opaque_region,
+		int surface_width, int surface_height, int32_t surface_scale,
+		int corner_radius) {
+	struct wlr_output *wlr_output = output->wlr_output;
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->renderer;
+
+	// Check if damage is inside of box rect
+	pixman_region32_t damage = create_damage(*dst_box, output_damage);
+
+	pixman_region32_t inverse_opaque;
+	pixman_region32_init(&inverse_opaque);
+
+	if (!pixman_region32_not_empty(&damage)) {
+		goto damage_finish;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Capture the back_buffer and blur it
+	*/
+
+	pixman_box32_t surface_box = {
+		.x1 = 0,
+		.y1 = 0,
+		.x2 = dst_box->width / wlr_output->scale,
+		.y2 = dst_box->height / wlr_output->scale,
+	};
+
+	wlr_region_scale(&inverse_opaque, &inverse_opaque, wlr_output->scale);
+
+	// Gets the non opaque region
+	pixman_region32_copy(&inverse_opaque, opaque_region);
+	pixman_region32_inverse(&inverse_opaque, &inverse_opaque, &surface_box);
+	pixman_region32_intersect_rect(&inverse_opaque, &inverse_opaque, 0, 0,
+			surface_width * surface_scale,
+			surface_height * surface_scale);
+	if (!pixman_region32_not_empty(&inverse_opaque)) {
+		goto damage_finish;
+	}
+
+	wlr_region_scale(&inverse_opaque, &inverse_opaque, wlr_output->scale);
+
+	struct fx_framebuffer *buffer = &renderer->blur_buffer;
+	if (!buffer->texture.id || (!optimized && !config->blur_xray)) {
+		pixman_region32_translate(&inverse_opaque, dst_box->x, dst_box->y);
+		pixman_region32_intersect(&inverse_opaque, &inverse_opaque, &damage);
+
+		// Render the blur into its own buffer
+		buffer = get_main_buffer_blur(renderer, output, &inverse_opaque,
+				wlr_output->transform_matrix, dst_box);
+	}
+
+	// Draw the blurred texture
+	struct wlr_box monitor_box = get_monitor_box(wlr_output);
+	enum wl_output_transform transform = wlr_output_transform_invert(wlr_output->transform);
+	float matrix[9];
+	wlr_matrix_project_box(matrix, &monitor_box, transform, 0.0, wlr_output->transform_matrix);
+
+	struct decoration_data deco_data = get_undecorated_decoration_data();
+	deco_data.corner_radius = corner_radius;
+	render_texture(wlr_output, &damage, &buffer->texture, src_box, dst_box, matrix, deco_data);
+
+damage_finish:
+	pixman_region32_fini(&damage);
+	pixman_region32_fini(&inverse_opaque);
+}
+
+
 static void render_surface_iterator(struct sway_output *output,
 		struct sway_view *view, struct wlr_surface *surface,
 		struct wlr_box *_box, void *_data) {
@@ -162,17 +342,12 @@ static void render_surface_iterator(struct sway_output *output,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	struct wlr_fbox src_box;
-	wlr_surface_get_buffer_source_box(surface, &src_box);
-
 	struct wlr_box proj_box = *_box;
 	scale_box(&proj_box, wlr_output->scale);
 
 	float matrix[9];
-	enum wl_output_transform transform =
-		wlr_output_transform_invert(surface->current.transform);
-	wlr_matrix_project_box(matrix, &proj_box, transform, 0.0,
-		wlr_output->transform_matrix);
+	enum wl_output_transform transform = wlr_output_transform_invert(surface->current.transform);
+	wlr_matrix_project_box(matrix, &proj_box, transform, 0.0, wlr_output->transform_matrix);
 
 	struct wlr_box dst_box = *_box;
 	struct wlr_box *clip_box = data->clip_box;
@@ -185,9 +360,40 @@ static void render_surface_iterator(struct sway_output *output,
 
 	scale_box(&dst_box, wlr_output->scale);
 
-	data->deco_data.corner_radius *= wlr_output->scale;
-	render_texture(wlr_output, output_damage, texture, &src_box, &dst_box,
-		matrix, data->deco_data);
+	struct decoration_data deco_data = data->deco_data;
+	deco_data.corner_radius *= wlr_output->scale;
+
+	// render blur (view->surface == surface excludes blurring subsurfaces)
+	if (deco_data.blur && should_parameters_blur() && view->surface == surface) {
+		pixman_region32_t opaque_region;
+		pixman_region32_init(&opaque_region);
+
+		bool has_alpha = false;
+		if (deco_data.alpha < 1.0) {
+			has_alpha = true;
+			pixman_region32_union_rect(&opaque_region, &opaque_region, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+		} else {
+			has_alpha = !surface->opaque;
+			pixman_region32_copy(&opaque_region, &surface->opaque_region);
+		}
+
+		if (has_alpha) {
+			int width, height;
+			wlr_output_transformed_resolution(wlr_output, &width, &height);
+			struct wlr_fbox blur_src_box = { 0, 0, width, height };
+			bool is_floating = container_is_floating(view->container);
+			render_blur(!is_floating, output, output_damage, &blur_src_box, &dst_box, &opaque_region,
+					surface->current.width, surface->current.height, surface->current.scale, deco_data.corner_radius);
+		}
+
+		pixman_region32_fini(&opaque_region);
+	}
+
+	struct wlr_fbox src_box;
+	wlr_surface_get_buffer_source_box(surface, &src_box);
+	struct fx_texture fx_texture = fx_texture_from_wlr_texture(texture);
+	render_texture(wlr_output, output_damage, &fx_texture, &src_box, &dst_box,
+		matrix, deco_data);
 
 	wlr_presentation_surface_sampled_on_output(server.presentation, surface,
 		wlr_output);
@@ -235,13 +441,73 @@ static void render_drag_icons(struct sway_output *output,
 		render_surface_iterator, &data);
 }
 
+void render_whole_output(struct fx_renderer *renderer, pixman_region32_t *original_damage,
+		struct fx_texture *texture) {
+	struct wlr_output *output = renderer->sway_output->wlr_output;
+	struct wlr_box monitor_box = get_monitor_box(output);
+
+	enum wl_output_transform transform = wlr_output_transform_invert(output->transform);
+	float matrix[9];
+	wlr_matrix_project_box(matrix, &monitor_box, transform, 0.0, output->transform_matrix);
+
+	pixman_region32_t damage;
+	pixman_region32_init(&damage);
+	pixman_region32_union_rect(&damage, &damage, monitor_box.x, monitor_box.y,
+		monitor_box.width, monitor_box.height);
+	pixman_region32_intersect(&damage, &damage, original_damage);
+	bool damaged = pixman_region32_not_empty(&damage);
+	if (!damaged) {
+		goto damage_finish;
+	}
+
+	int nrects;
+	pixman_box32_t *rects = pixman_region32_rectangles(&damage, &nrects);
+	for (int i = 0; i < nrects; ++i) {
+		scissor_output(output, &rects[i]);
+		fx_render_texture_with_matrix(renderer, texture, &monitor_box, matrix, get_undecorated_decoration_data());
+	}
+
+damage_finish:
+	pixman_region32_fini(&damage);
+}
+
+void render_monitor_blur(struct sway_output *output, pixman_region32_t *damage) {
+	struct wlr_output *wlr_output = output->wlr_output;
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->renderer;
+
+	struct wlr_box monitor_box = get_monitor_box(wlr_output);
+	pixman_region32_t fake_damage;
+	pixman_region32_init_rect(&fake_damage, 0, 0, monitor_box.width, monitor_box.height);
+
+	// Render the blur
+	struct fx_framebuffer *buffer = get_main_buffer_blur(renderer, output, &fake_damage,
+			wlr_output->transform_matrix, &monitor_box);
+
+	// Render the newly blurred content into the blur_buffer
+	fx_framebuffer_create(wlr_output, &renderer->blur_buffer, true);
+	// Clear the damaged region of the blur_buffer
+	float clear_color[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+	int nrects;
+	pixman_box32_t *rects = pixman_region32_rectangles(damage, &nrects);
+	for (int i = 0; i < nrects; ++i) {
+		scissor_output(wlr_output, &rects[i]);
+		fx_renderer_clear(clear_color);
+	}
+	render_whole_output(renderer, &fake_damage, &buffer->texture);
+	fx_framebuffer_bind(&renderer->main_buffer, monitor_box.width, monitor_box.height);
+
+	pixman_region32_fini(&fake_damage);
+
+	renderer->blur_buffer_dirty = false;
+}
+
 // _box.x and .y are expected to be layout-local
 // _box.width and .height are expected to be output-buffer-local
 void render_rect(struct sway_output *output,
 		pixman_region32_t *output_damage, const struct wlr_box *_box,
 		float color[static 4]) {
 	struct wlr_output *wlr_output = output->wlr_output;
-	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->server->renderer;
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->renderer;
 
 	struct wlr_box box;
 	memcpy(&box, _box, sizeof(struct wlr_box));
@@ -269,7 +535,7 @@ void render_rounded_rect(struct sway_output *output, pixman_region32_t *output_d
 		const struct wlr_box *_box, float color[static 4], int corner_radius,
 		enum corner_location corner_location) {
 	struct wlr_output *wlr_output = output->wlr_output;
-	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->server->renderer;
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->renderer;
 
 	struct wlr_box box;
 	memcpy(&box, _box, sizeof(struct wlr_box));
@@ -300,7 +566,7 @@ void render_border_corner(struct sway_output *output, pixman_region32_t *output_
 		const struct wlr_box *_box, const float color[static 4], int corner_radius,
 		int border_thickness, enum corner_location corner_location) {
 	struct wlr_output *wlr_output = output->wlr_output;
-	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->server->renderer;
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->renderer;
 
 	struct wlr_box box;
 	memcpy(&box, _box, sizeof(struct wlr_box));
@@ -331,7 +597,7 @@ void render_box_shadow(struct sway_output *output, pixman_region32_t *output_dam
 		const struct wlr_box *_box, const float color[static 4],
 		float blur_sigma, float corner_radius) {
 	struct wlr_output *wlr_output = output->wlr_output;
-	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->server->renderer;
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->renderer;
 
 	struct wlr_box box;
 	memcpy(&box, _box, sizeof(struct wlr_box));
@@ -448,8 +714,7 @@ static void render_saved_view(struct sway_view *view, struct sway_output *output
 
 		float matrix[9];
 		enum wl_output_transform transform = wlr_output_transform_invert(saved_buf->transform);
-		wlr_matrix_project_box(matrix, &proj_box, transform, 0,
-			wlr_output->transform_matrix);
+		wlr_matrix_project_box(matrix, &proj_box, transform, 0, wlr_output->transform_matrix);
 
 		struct sway_container_state state = view->container->current;
 		dst_box.x = state.x - output->lx;
@@ -465,7 +730,30 @@ static void render_saved_view(struct sway_view *view, struct sway_output *output
 		scale_box(&dst_box, wlr_output->scale);
 
 		deco_data.corner_radius *= wlr_output->scale;
-		render_texture(wlr_output, damage, saved_buf->buffer->texture,
+
+		// render blur
+		if (deco_data.blur && should_parameters_blur()) {
+			struct wlr_gles2_texture_attribs attribs;
+			wlr_gles2_texture_get_attribs(saved_buf->buffer->texture, &attribs);
+
+			if (deco_data.alpha < 1.0 || attribs.has_alpha) {
+				pixman_region32_t opaque_region;
+				pixman_region32_init(&opaque_region);
+				pixman_region32_union_rect(&opaque_region, &opaque_region, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+
+				struct wlr_box monitor_box = get_monitor_box(wlr_output);
+				// TODO: contribute wlroots function to allow creating an fbox from a box?
+				struct wlr_fbox src_box = { monitor_box.x, monitor_box.y, monitor_box.width, monitor_box.height };
+				bool is_floating = container_is_floating(view->container);
+				render_blur(!is_floating, output, damage, &src_box, &dst_box, &opaque_region,
+						saved_buf->width, saved_buf->height, 1, deco_data.corner_radius);
+
+				pixman_region32_fini(&opaque_region);
+			}
+		}
+
+		struct fx_texture fx_texture = fx_texture_from_wlr_texture(saved_buf->buffer->texture);
+		render_texture(wlr_output, damage, &fx_texture,
 				&saved_buf->source_box, &dst_box, matrix, deco_data);
 	}
 
@@ -481,6 +769,9 @@ static void render_view(struct sway_output *output, pixman_region32_t *damage,
 		struct sway_container *con, struct border_colors *colors,
 		struct decoration_data deco_data) {
 	struct sway_view *view = con->view;
+	struct sway_container_state *state = &con->current;
+
+	// render view
 	if (!wl_list_empty(&view->saved_buffers)) {
 		render_saved_view(view, output, damage, deco_data);
 	} else if (view->surface) {
@@ -768,7 +1059,8 @@ static void render_titlebar(struct sway_output *output,
 		if (ob_inner_width < texture_box.width) {
 			texture_box.width = ob_inner_width;
 		}
-		render_texture(output->wlr_output, output_damage, marks_texture,
+		struct fx_texture fx_texture = fx_texture_from_wlr_texture(marks_texture);
+		render_texture(output->wlr_output, output_damage, &fx_texture,
 			NULL, &texture_box, matrix, deco_data);
 
 		// Padding above
@@ -844,7 +1136,8 @@ static void render_titlebar(struct sway_output *output,
 			texture_box.width = ob_inner_width - ob_marks_width;
 		}
 
-		render_texture(output->wlr_output, output_damage, title_texture,
+		struct fx_texture fx_texture = fx_texture_from_wlr_texture(title_texture);
+		render_texture(output->wlr_output, output_damage, &fx_texture,
 			NULL, &texture_box, matrix, deco_data);
 
 		// Padding above
@@ -1052,6 +1345,7 @@ static void render_containers_linear(struct sway_output *output,
 				.corner_radius = corner_radius,
 				.saturation = child->saturation,
 				.has_titlebar = has_titlebar,
+				.blur = child->blur_enabled,
 			};
 			render_view(output, damage, child, colors, deco_data);
 			if (has_titlebar) {
@@ -1159,6 +1453,7 @@ static void render_containers_tabbed(struct sway_output *output,
 			.corner_radius = current->corner_radius,
 			.saturation = current->saturation,
 			.has_titlebar = true,
+			.blur = current->blur_enabled,
 		};
 		render_view(output, damage, current, current_colors, deco_data);
 	} else {
@@ -1233,6 +1528,7 @@ static void render_containers_stacked(struct sway_output *output,
 			.saturation = current->saturation,
 			.corner_radius = current->corner_radius,
 			.has_titlebar = true,
+			.blur = current->blur_enabled,
 		};
 		render_view(output, damage, current, current_colors, deco_data);
 	} else {
@@ -1333,6 +1629,7 @@ static void render_floating_container(struct sway_output *soutput,
 			.saturation = con->saturation,
 			.corner_radius = con->corner_radius,
 			.has_titlebar = has_titlebar,
+			.blur = con->blur_enabled,
 		};
 		render_view(soutput, damage, con, colors, deco_data);
 		if (has_titlebar) {
@@ -1375,10 +1672,82 @@ static void render_seatops(struct sway_output *output,
 	}
 }
 
+struct find_effect_iter_data {
+	struct workspace_effect_info *effect_info;
+	bool blur_buffer_dirty;
+};
+
+static bool find_con_effect_iterator(struct sway_container *con, void* _data) {
+	struct sway_view *view = con->view;
+	struct find_effect_iter_data *data = _data;
+	struct workspace_effect_info *effect_info = data->effect_info;
+
+	if (!view) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (con->blur_enabled && !view->surface->opaque) {
+		effect_info->container_wants_blur = true;
+
+		bool is_floating = container_is_floating(con);
+		// Check if we should render optimized blur
+		if (data->blur_buffer_dirty
+				// Only test floating windows when xray is enabled
+				&& (!is_floating || (is_floating && config->blur_xray))) {
+			effect_info->should_render_optimized_blur = true;
+		}
+	}
+	if (con->shadow_enabled) {
+		effect_info->container_wants_shadow = true;
+	}
+
+	// Stop the iteration if all of the effects have been found.
+	// Ensures that no effect is skipped if returning early
+	return effect_info->container_wants_blur
+		&& effect_info->container_wants_shadow
+		&& effect_info->should_render_optimized_blur;
+}
+
+static struct workspace_effect_info get_workspace_effect_info(struct sway_output *sway_output) {
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = sway_output->renderer;
+	struct sway_workspace *workspace = sway_output->current.active_workspace;
+
+	struct workspace_effect_info effect_info = {
+		.container_wants_blur = false,
+		.container_wants_shadow = false,
+		.should_render_optimized_blur = false,
+		.expanded_size = 0
+	};
+
+	if (!workspace_is_visible(workspace)) {
+		return effect_info;
+	}
+
+	// Iterate through the workspace containers and check if any effects are requested
+	struct find_effect_iter_data iter_data = {
+		.effect_info = &effect_info,
+		.blur_buffer_dirty = renderer->blur_buffer_dirty
+	};
+	workspace_find_container(workspace, find_con_effect_iterator, &iter_data);
+
+	// Set the expanded damage region
+	bool shadow_enabled = effect_info.container_wants_shadow || config->shadow_enabled;
+	int shadow_sigma = shadow_enabled ? config->shadow_blur_sigma : 0;
+	bool blur_enabled = effect_info.container_wants_blur || config->blur_enabled;
+	int blur_size = blur_enabled ? get_blur_size() : 0;
+	// +1 as a margin of error
+	effect_info.expanded_size = MAX(shadow_sigma, blur_size) + 1;
+
+	return effect_info;
+}
+
 void output_render(struct sway_output *output, struct timespec *when,
 		pixman_region32_t *damage) {
 	struct wlr_output *wlr_output = output->wlr_output;
-	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->server->renderer;
+	struct fx_renderer *renderer = output->renderer;
+
+	int width, height;
+	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(wlr_output, &width, &height);
 
 	struct sway_workspace *workspace = output->current.active_workspace;
 	if (workspace == NULL) {
@@ -1390,23 +1759,56 @@ void output_render(struct sway_output *output, struct timespec *when,
 		fullscreen_con = workspace->current.fullscreen;
 	}
 
-	fx_renderer_begin(renderer, wlr_output->width, wlr_output->height);
-
 	if (debug.damage == DAMAGE_RERENDER) {
-		int width, height;
-		wlr_output_transformed_resolution(wlr_output, &width, &height);
 		pixman_region32_union_rect(damage, damage, 0, 0, width, height);
 	}
 
-	if (!pixman_region32_not_empty(damage)) {
-		// Output isn't damaged but needs buffer swap
-		goto renderer_end;
+	bool has_blur = false;
+	bool blur_optimize_should_render = false;
+	bool damage_not_empty = pixman_region32_not_empty(damage);
+	pixman_region32_t extended_damage;
+	pixman_region32_init(&extended_damage);
+	if (!fullscreen_con && !server.session_lock.locked && damage_not_empty) {
+		// Check if there are any windows to blur
+		struct workspace_effect_info effect_info = get_workspace_effect_info(output);
+		has_blur = effect_info.container_wants_blur || config->blur_enabled;
+		if (effect_info.should_render_optimized_blur) {
+			blur_optimize_should_render = true;
+			// Damage the whole output
+			pixman_region32_union_rect(damage, damage, 0, 0, width, height);
+		}
+
+		// Extend the damaged region
+		int expanded_size = effect_info.expanded_size;
+		if (expanded_size > 0) {
+			int32_t damage_width = damage->extents.x2 - damage->extents.x1;
+			int32_t damage_height = damage->extents.y2 - damage->extents.y1;
+			// Limit the damage extent to the size of the monitor to prevent overflow
+			if (damage_width > width || damage_height > height) {
+				pixman_region32_intersect_rect(damage, damage, 0, 0, width, height);
+			}
+
+			wlr_region_expand(damage, damage, expanded_size);
+			pixman_region32_copy(&extended_damage, damage);
+			wlr_region_expand(damage, damage, expanded_size);
+		} else {
+			pixman_region32_copy(&extended_damage, damage);
+		}
+	} else {
+		pixman_region32_copy(&extended_damage, damage);
 	}
 
-	if (debug.damage == DAMAGE_HIGHLIGHT) {
+	if (debug.damage == DAMAGE_HIGHLIGHT && damage_not_empty) {
 		fx_renderer_clear((float[]){1, 1, 0, 1});
 	}
 
+	fx_renderer_begin(renderer, output);
+
+	if (!damage_not_empty) {
+		// Output isn't damaged but needs buffer swap
+		goto renderer_end;
+	}
+
 	if (server.session_lock.locked) {
 		float clear_color[] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
 		if (server.session_lock.lock == NULL) {
@@ -1494,6 +1896,11 @@ void output_render(struct sway_output *output, struct timespec *when,
 		render_layer_toplevel(output, damage,
 			&output->layers[ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_BOTTOM]);
 
+		bool blur_enabled = has_blur && should_parameters_blur();
+		if (blur_enabled && blur_optimize_should_render && renderer->blur_buffer_dirty) {
+			render_monitor_blur(output, damage);
+		}
+
 		render_workspace(output, damage, workspace, workspace->current.focused);
 		render_floating(output, damage);
 #if HAVE_XWAYLAND
@@ -1524,6 +1931,7 @@ void output_render(struct sway_output *output, struct timespec *when,
 			.corner_radius = 0,
 			.saturation = focus->saturation,
 			.has_titlebar = false,
+			.blur = false,
 		};
 		render_view_popups(focus->view, output, damage, deco_data);
 	}
@@ -1536,29 +1944,45 @@ render_overlay:
 	render_drag_icons(output, damage, &root->drag_icons);
 
 renderer_end:
+	// Draw the contents of our buffer into the wlr buffer
+	fx_framebuffer_bind(&renderer->wlr_buffer, width, height);
+	float clear_color[] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
+	if (pixman_region32_not_empty(&extended_damage)) {
+		int nrects;
+		pixman_box32_t *rects = pixman_region32_rectangles(&extended_damage, &nrects);
+		for (int i = 0; i < nrects; ++i) {
+			scissor_output(wlr_output, &rects[i]);
+			fx_renderer_clear(clear_color);
+		}
+	}
+	render_whole_output(renderer, &extended_damage, &renderer->main_buffer.texture);
 	fx_renderer_scissor(NULL);
+	fx_renderer_end(renderer);
+
+	// Draw the software cursors
 	wlr_renderer_begin(output->server->wlr_renderer, wlr_output->width, wlr_output->height);
 	wlr_output_render_software_cursors(wlr_output, damage);
 	wlr_renderer_end(output->server->wlr_renderer);
-	fx_renderer_end();
-
-	int width, height;
-	wlr_output_transformed_resolution(wlr_output, &width, &height);
+	fx_renderer_scissor(NULL);
 
 	pixman_region32_t frame_damage;
 	pixman_region32_init(&frame_damage);
 
-	enum wl_output_transform transform =
-		wlr_output_transform_invert(wlr_output->transform);
-	wlr_region_transform(&frame_damage, &output->damage_ring.current,
-		transform, width, height);
+	enum wl_output_transform transform = wlr_output_transform_invert(wlr_output->transform);
+	/*
+	 * Extend the frame damage by the blur size to properly calc damage for the
+	 * next buffer swap. Thanks Emersion for your excellent damage tracking blog-post!
+	 */
+	wlr_region_transform(&frame_damage, &extended_damage, transform, width, height);
 
-	if (debug.damage != DAMAGE_DEFAULT) {
+	if (debug.damage != DAMAGE_DEFAULT || blur_optimize_should_render) {
 		pixman_region32_union_rect(&frame_damage, &frame_damage,
 			0, 0, wlr_output->width, wlr_output->height);
 	}
 
 	wlr_output_set_damage(wlr_output, &frame_damage);
+
+	pixman_region32_fini(&extended_damage);
 	pixman_region32_fini(&frame_damage);
 
 	if (!wlr_output_commit(wlr_output)) {
diff --git a/sway/meson.build b/sway/meson.build
index 7eef011b..54e41072 100644
--- a/sway/meson.build
+++ b/sway/meson.build
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ sway_sources = files(
 	'xdg_decoration.c',
 
 	'desktop/desktop.c',
+	'desktop/fx_renderer/fx_framebuffer.c',
 	'desktop/fx_renderer/fx_renderer.c',
+	'desktop/fx_renderer/fx_texture.c',
 	'desktop/fx_renderer/matrix.c',
 	'desktop/idle_inhibit_v1.c',
 	'desktop/layer_shell.c',
@@ -48,6 +50,10 @@ sway_sources = files(
 	'commands/assign.c',
 	'commands/bar.c',
 	'commands/bind.c',
+	'commands/blur.c',
+	'commands/blur_passes.c',
+	'commands/blur_radius.c',
+	'commands/blur_xray.c',
 	'commands/border.c',
 	'commands/client.c',
 	'commands/corner_radius.c',
diff --git a/sway/server.c b/sway/server.c
index c4d005b6..262b7788 100644
--- a/sway/server.c
+++ b/sway/server.c
@@ -86,12 +86,6 @@ bool server_init(struct sway_server *server) {
 		sway_log(SWAY_ERROR, "Failed to create wlr_renderer");
 		return false;
 	}
-	struct wlr_egl *egl = wlr_gles2_renderer_get_egl(server->wlr_renderer);
-	server->renderer = fx_renderer_create(egl);
-	if (!server->renderer) {
-		sway_log(SWAY_ERROR, "Failed to create fx_renderer");
-		return false;
-	}
 
 	wlr_renderer_init_wl_shm(server->wlr_renderer, server->wl_display);
 
diff --git a/sway/sway.5.scd b/sway/sway.5.scd
index 31edb038..2288346b 100644
--- a/sway/sway.5.scd
+++ b/sway/sway.5.scd
@@ -686,6 +686,21 @@ The default colors are:
 *shadow_color* <hex color with alpha>
 	The shadow color. Default color: #0000007F
 
+*blur* enable|disable
+	Sets whether blur should be drawn. Can also be set per window with
+	*for_window*.
+
+*blur_xray* enable|disable
+	Sets whether blur should only display the background.
+
+*blur_passes* <value>
+	Adjusts the blur passes of windows between 0 (disabled) and 10
+	while 2 is the default value.
+
+*blur_radius* <value>
+	Adjusts the blur radius of windows between 0 (disabled) and 10
+	while 5 is the default value.
+
 *default_border* normal|none|pixel [<n>]
 	Set default border style for new tiled windows.
 
diff --git a/sway/tree/container.c b/sway/tree/container.c
index f256bafc..2e61ff5c 100644
--- a/sway/tree/container.c
+++ b/sway/tree/container.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ struct sway_container *container_create(struct sway_view *view) {
 	c->saturation = 1.0f;
 	c->dim = config->default_dim_inactive;
 	c->shadow_enabled = config->shadow_enabled;
+	c->blur_enabled = config->blur_enabled;
 	c->corner_radius = config->corner_radius;
 
 	if (!view) {